Atom
"All materials are made up of tiny “building blocks” known as atoms."
Important Points:
All naturally occurring atoms contain particles called electrons, protons, and neutrons, with the exception of the protium isotope (1H1) of hydrogen.
Electrons have a negative (-) electric charge.
Protons have a positive (+) electric charge.
Neutrons have no electric charge.
Electrons can be dislodged from atoms much easier than protons or neutrons.
Max No. of e in a Shell: 2*n^2.
By default an Atom is Neutral i.e No. of P = No. of e.
Atomic Number = No. of P
Mass Number = No. of P + No. of N
Example:
Atom Carbon: 12C6
Atomic No. = 6 = No. of P = No. of e
Mass No. = 12 = No. of P + No. of N
No. of N = Mass No. - Atomic No. = 6
Question:
Draw the atomic structure of the following: Oxygen 16O8, Aluminium 27Al13, Silicon 35Cl17.